Wheelchair Casters Selection

  • 22 Mar / 2022

Anyone who has experience with wheelchairs can tell you the importance of an excellent wheelchair casters and its role in a smooth ride. Most of us don't really give wheelchair front casters a lot of importance. However, a high-quality front wheelchair caster can greatly benefit a wheelchair user.


This is why it is imperative that we select the right pair of wheelchair wheels for the wheelchair and also maintain them properly. Here are some of the different types of wheelchair casters you can choose from:


There are different features of wheelchair casters that you can choose from. Each type of caster wheel offers different benefits and is specific to certain types of wheelchairs. Some of them include the following:


  • Standard Caster: It is the most common type of wheelchair caster which offers a smooth ride with minimum maintenance. These wheels are durable but only offer the most basic options.


  • Pneumatic casters: These casters have shock absorption capacity, making them ideal for rough surfaces and navigating obstructions. Pneumatic casters are slower than other casters and require more maintenance, But more comfortable which is why these casters are best for specific surfaces only.

  • Solid Casters: Solid casters are not as great at shock absorption as a pneumatic caster. However, they are quite smooth and allow the wheelchair to move quickly. Solid casters are also strong and durable in comparison to pneumatic casters.

  • Small Casters: These casters are best for wheelchairs that require quick movements. They are smooth and durable but have the most negligible shock absorption and quickly get stuck in cracks and create obstructions.


  • Soft Roll Casters: These casters have a convex shape which allows for efficient movement, especially on hard surfaces and uneven terrain. Instead of pneumatic casters, they can be used since they are not relatively as slow.


What To Consider When Looking For The Right Wheelchair Casters


To choose the right wheelchair caster, you have to ensure you know exactly what kind of function you want. You can consider a few criteria to choose the best kind of wheelchair caster. These criteria include the following:


Load Carrying Ability


The first thing we need to consider when deciding the best caster for a wheelchair is the load it will need to carry. Large casters are needed for large loads since they will absorb shock easily and not experience a lot of impact from every obstruction. For small loads, wheelchairs can easily make use of small casters.


Width


The caster width is decided depending on the surfaces it will usually have to roll on. Wide casters are better for rough terrains, including grassy areas and rocky paths. For manual wheelchairs, a 2" thick caster is ideal for rough terrains, while power chairs can easily use up to 4" of thickness.

Diameter


6" and 8" diameters are most commonly used for most wheelchairs. However, you can go as small as 3" or larger than 12" depending on the use of the chair and the terrain that it will roll on. Small diameters are ideal for easy swiveling and turnings, while large diameters are perfect for rough terrains.


Material


Wheelchair casters are made of various materials depending on the use of the chair. For most rough terrains, wheelchairs make use of aluminum alloy wheels. Plastic wheels are better for smoother surfaces.


Importance Of Selecting The Right Wheelchair Casters

The wheelchair caster selection process must be a rigorous one. This is because many people using a wheelchair spend quite a lot of time moving around on it, and dealing with a sub-par pair of casters for such a long time will hamper their productivity and cause them much inconvenience.


There are also many different wheelchairs that people use, and each one has a different optimal caster.


Firstly, we have power wheelchairs and manual wheelchairs. Casters used for manual wheelchairs must be easy to push, ergonomic, and smooth. We cannot use heavy-duty casters on a manual wheelchair since they will greatly inconvenience users. For power wheelchairs, the caster could be more sturdy since the wheelchair will not need to be pushed with force.


Other than that, there are sports wheelchairs. There are specific casters available in the market only for sports wheelchairs, depending on whether the wheelchair is meant for indoor or outdoor sports. For example, hard and rigid casters are excellent for basketball courts and other indoor sports, while slightly bigger casters (5") with a urethane tread are ideal for outdoor sports.


Choosing the right caster will enable the wheelchair user to be functional without facing inconveniences in their daily lives.


Features To Look For In Wheelchair Casters

There are certain features that a wheelchair caster must have to enhance the usability of whoever is using it.


Swiveling


A wheelchair caster must swivel and not be rigid. This is because wheelchairs require high maneuverability and have to turn in all directions.


Locking


Wheelchair casters must usually have a locking mechanism as well. A locking mechanism is important to ensure the wheelchair stays in place when stopped and is not in danger of rolling away on its own.


Rim


The rim of the wheelchair wheels depends on where the person will be using it. Aluminum and plastic rims are very common, aluminum being the more expensive of the two.


Tread


The tread of the wheelchair caster depends on the flooring where it will be used. Polyurethane tread is very common and is ideal for most hardwood floors. Other common tread materials include polyolefin and hard rubber.


The right wheelchair casters are ideal for any wheelchair requiring smooth functioning. Therefore you must consider all the criteria before making your pick. Also, remember to do proper care and maintenance for the casters and not just the wheelchair. Since they are such a small part, it is easy to overlook a caster and not pay much heed to it. However, it is one of the most integral parts of a wheelchair and can differentiate between a mediocre wheelchair and a high-quality one.


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